PHP. Руководство по PHP. 2005

ODBC Functions (Unified)

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CXXXIX. ODBC Functions (Unified)

Введение

In addition to normal ODBC support, the Unified ODBC functions in PHP allow you to access several databases that have borrowed the semantics of the ODBC API to implement their own API. Instead of maintaining multiple database drivers that were all nearly identical, these drivers have been unified into a single set of ODBC functions.

The following databases are supported by the Unified ODBC functions: Adabas D, IBM DB2, iODBC, Solid, and Sybase SQL Anywhere.

Замечание: There is no ODBC involved when connecting to the above databases. The functions that you use to speak natively to them just happen to share the same names and syntax as the ODBC functions. The exception to this is iODBC. Building PHP with iODBC support enables you to use any ODBC-compliant drivers with your PHP applications. iODBC is maintained by - OpenLink Software. More information on iODBC, as well as a HOWTO, is available at www.iodbc.org.

Требования

To access any of the supported databases you need to have the required libraries installed.

Установка

--with-adabas[=DIR]

Include Adabas D support. DIR is the Adabas base install directory, defaults to /usr/local.

--with-sapdb[=DIR]

Include SAP DB support. DIR is SAP DB base install directory, defaults to /usr/local.

--with-solid[=DIR]

Include Solid support. DIR is the Solid base install directory, defaults to /usr/local/solid.

--with-ibm-db2[=DIR]

Include IBM DB2 support. DIR is the DB2 base install directory, defaults to /home/db2inst1/sqllib.

--with-empress[=DIR]

Include Empress support. DIR is the Empress base install directory, defaults to $EMPRESSPATH. From PHP4, this option only supports Empress Version 8.60 and above.

--with-empress-bcs[=DIR]

Include Empress Local Access support. DIR is the Empress base install directory, defaults to $EMPRESSPATH. From PHP4, this option only supports Empress Version 8.60 and above.

--with-birdstep[=DIR]

Include Birdstep support. DIR is the Birdstep base install directory, defaults to /usr/local/birdstep.

--with-custom-odbc[=DIR]

Include a user defined ODBC support. The DIR is ODBC install base directory, which defaults to /usr/local. Make sure to define CUSTOM_ODBC_LIBS and have some odbc.h in your include dirs. E.g., you should define following for Sybase SQL Anywhere 5.5.00 on QNX, prior to run configure script:

CPPFLAGS="-DODBC_QNX -DSQLANY_BUG" LDFLAGS=-lunix CUSTOM_ODBC_LIBS="-ldblib -lodbc".

--with-iodbc[=DIR]

Include iODBC support. DIR is the iODBC base install directory, defaults to /usr/local.

--with-esoob[=DIR]

Include Easysoft OOB support. DIR is the OOB base install directory, defaults to /usr/local/easysoft/oob/client.

--with-unixODBC[=DIR]

Include unixODBC support. DIR is the unixODBC base install directory, defaults to /usr/local.

--with-openlink[=DIR]

Include OpenLink ODBC support. DIR is the OpenLink base install directory, defaults to /usr/local. This is the same as iODBC.

--with-dbmaker[=DIR]

Include DBMaker support. DIR is the DBMaker base install directory, defaults to where the latest version of DBMaker is installed (such as /home/dbmaker/3.6).

To disable unified ODBC support in PHP 3 add --disable-unified-odbc to your configure line. Only applicable if iODBC, Adabas, Solid, Velocis or a custom ODBC interface is enabled.

Версия PHP для

Windows имеет встроенную поддержку данного расширения. Это означает, что

для использования данных функций не требуется загрузка никаких

дополнительных расширений.

Настройка во время выполнения

-Поведение этих функций зависит от установок в php.ini.

Таблица 1. Unified ODBC Configuration Options

Замечание: Entries marked with * are not implemented yet.

Для подробного описания констант

PHP_INI_*, обратитесь к документации функции ini_set().

Краткое разъяснение конфигурационных

директив.

odbc.default_db string

ODBC data source to use if none is specified in odbc_connect() or odbc_pconnect().

odbc.default_user string

User name to use if none is specified in odbc_connect() or odbc_pconnect().

odbc.default_pw string

Password to use if none is specified in odbc_connect() or odbc_pconnect().

odbc.allow_persistent boolean

Whether to allow persistent ODBC connections.

odbc.check_persistent boolean

Check that a connection is still valid before reuse.

odbc.max_persistent integer

The maximum number of persistent ODBC connections per process.

odbc.max_links integer

The maximum number of ODBC connections per process, including persistent connections.

odbc.defaultlrl integer

Handling of LONG fields. Specifies the number of bytes returned to variables.

Если используется integer,

значение измеряется байтами. Вы также можете использовать сокращённую запись,

которая описана в

этом разделе FAQ.

odbc.defaultbinmode integer

Handling of binary data.

Типы ресурсов

Данное расширение не определяет никакие типы ресурсов.

Предопределенные константы

-Перечисленные ниже константы определены данным расширением и могут быть

доступны только в том случае, если PHP был собран с

поддержкой этого расширения или же в том случае, если

данное расширение подгружается во время выполнения.

ODBC_TYPE (integer)

ODBC_BINMODE_PASSTHRU (integer)

ODBC_BINMODE_RETURN (integer)

ODBC_BINMODE_CONVERT (integer)

SQL_ODBC_CURSORS (integer)

SQL_CUR_USE_DRIVER (integer)

SQL_CUR_USE_IF_NEEDED (integer)

SQL_CUR_USE_ODBC (integer)

SQL_CONCURRENCY (integer)

SQL_CONCUR_READ_ONLY (integer)

SQL_CONCUR_LOCK (integer)

SQL_CONCUR_ROWVER (integer)

SQL_CONCUR_VALUES (integer)

SQL_CURSOR_TYPE (integer)

SQL_CURSOR_FORWARD_ONLY (integer)

SQL_CURSOR_KEYSET_DRIVEN (integer)

SQL_CURSOR_DYNAMIC (integer)

SQL_CURSOR_STATIC (integer)

SQL_KEYSET_SIZE (integer)

SQL_CHAR (integer)

SQL_VARCHAR (integer)

SQL_LONGVARCHAR (integer)

SQL_DECIMAL (integer)

SQL_NUMERIC (integer)

SQL_BIT (integer)

SQL_TINYINT (integer)

SQL_SMALLINT (integer)

SQL_INTEGER (integer)

SQL_BIGINT (integer)

SQL_REAL (integer)

SQL_FLOAT (integer)

SQL_DOUBLE (integer)

SQL_BINARY (integer)

SQL_VARBINARY (integer)

SQL_LONGVARBINARY (integer)

SQL_DATE (integer)

SQL_TIME (integer)

SQL_TIMESTAMP (integer)

SQL_TYPE_DATE (integer)

SQL_TYPE_TIME (integer)

SQL_TYPE_TIMESTAMP (integer)

SQL_BEST_ROWID (integer)

SQL_ROWVER (integer)

SQL_SCOPE_CURROW (integer)

SQL_SCOPE_TRANSACTION (integer)

SQL_SCOPE_SESSION (integer)

SQL_NO_NULLS (integer)

SQL_NULLABLE (integer)

SQL_INDEX_UNIQUE (integer)

SQL_INDEX_ALL (integer)

SQL_ENSURE (integer)

SQL_QUICK (integer)

Содержание

odbc_autocommit -- Toggle autocommit behaviour

odbc_binmode -- Handling of binary column data

odbc_close_all -- Close all ODBC connections

odbc_close -- Close an ODBC connection

odbc_columnprivileges -- Returns a result identifier that can be used to fetch a list of columns and associated privileges

odbc_columns -- Lists the column names in specified tables

odbc_commit -- Commit an ODBC transaction

odbc_connect -- Connect to a datasource

odbc_cursor -- Get cursorname

odbc_data_source -- Returns information about a current connection

odbc_do -- Synonym for odbc_exec()

odbc_error -- Get the last error code

odbc_errormsg -- Get the last error message

odbc_exec -- Prepare and execute a SQL statement

odbc_execute -- Execute a prepared statement

odbc_fetch_array -- Fetch a result row as an associative array

odbc_fetch_into -- Fetch one result row into array

odbc_fetch_object -- Fetch a result row as an object

odbc_fetch_row -- Fetch a row

odbc_field_len -- Get the length (precision) of a field

odbc_field_name -- Get the columnname

odbc_field_num -- Return column number

odbc_field_precision -- Synonym for odbc_field_len()

odbc_field_scale -- Get the scale of a field

odbc_field_type -- Datatype of a field

odbc_foreignkeys -- Returns a list of foreign keys in the specified table or a list of foreign keys in other tables that refer to the primary key in the specified table

odbc_free_result -- Free resources associated with a result

odbc_gettypeinfo -- Returns a result identifier containing information about data types supported by the data source

odbc_longreadlen -- Handling of LONG columns

odbc_next_result -- Checks if multiple results are available

odbc_num_fields -- Number of columns in a result

odbc_num_rows -- Number of rows in a result

odbc_pconnect -- Open a persistent database connection

odbc_prepare -- Prepares a statement for execution

odbc_primarykeys -- Returns a result identifier that can be used to fetch the column names that comprise the primary key for a table

odbc_procedurecolumns -- Retrieve information about parameters to procedures

odbc_procedures -- Get the list of procedures stored in a specific data source

odbc_result_all -- Print result as HTML table

odbc_result -- Get result data

odbc_rollback -- Rollback a transaction

odbc_setoption -- Adjust ODBC settings

odbc_specialcolumns -- Returns either the optimal set of columns that uniquely identifies a row in the table or columns that are automatically updated when any value in the row is updated by a transaction

odbc_statistics -- Retrieve statistics about a table

odbc_tableprivileges -- Lists tables and the privileges associated with each table

odbc_tables -- Get the list of table names stored in a specific data source

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